Imikhiqizo

I-Beta-carotene

I-Beta-carotene iyi-carotenoid yemvelo etholakala kakhulu emifino eluhlaza nephuzi kanye nezithelo.I-Beta-carotene iyinhlanganisela ye-tetraterpenoid, equkethe amabhondi aphindwe kabili e-isoprene.Ineringi ye-beta-violone ekugcineni kwe-molecule.I-molecule ye-vitamin A emibili ingakhiqizwa ngokuhlukana okuphakathi.Inamabhondi aphindwe kabili nama-conjugates phakathi kwamabhondi amabili.Amamolekyuli kudala ahlanganisa ama-chromophore ebhondi ephindwe kabili, ngakho-ke anendawo yokumunca ukukhanya futhi awenze abephuzi.Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-beta-carotene ziyi-all-trans, 9-cis, 13-cis kanye ne-15-cis.Kunama-isomer angaphezu kwama-20 e-beta-carotene, angancibiliki emanzini futhi ancibilika kancane emafutheni emifino.Ancibilika ngokumaphakathi kuma-aliphatic kanye nama-aromatic hydrocarbons, ancibilika kalula ku-chloroform, awazinzile kumakhemikhali, futhi kulula uku-oxidize ekukhanyeni nasekushisiseni.

I-Beta-carotene ingakhiqizwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali, ukuchithwa kwezitshalo kanye nokuvutshelwa kwe-microbial.Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokukhiqiza, ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: ukuhlanganiswa kwamakhemikhali we-beta-carotene kanye ne-beta-carotene yemvelo.Njengamanje, iningi lawo lingamakhemikhali.Ngenxa yokuthi i-beta-carotene yemvelo ine-anti-chromosomal aberration enhle, umphumela wokulwa nomdlavuza kanye nomsebenzi oqinile wezinto eziphilayo, intengo ye-beta-carotene yemvelo iphezulu.Iphindwe kabili kunamakhemikhali.

I-Beta-carotene yaziwa njengomthombo kavithamini A. I-beta-carotene eyakhiwe ngaphambilini yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ekudleni, ezimonyo nasemikhiqizo yezempilo.Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-toxicology kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlaziya, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi nakuba ukuhlanzeka kwe-beta-carotene ehlanganiswe indlela yamakhemikhali kuphakeme kakhulu futhi izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphansi, kulula ukufaka inani elincane lamakhemikhali anobuthi emikhiqizweni.Ngakho-ke, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kolwazi, ukukhishwa kwemvelo kwe-beta-carotene kuzothatha indawo esebenzayo emakethe.Kodwa ngenxa yempahla encibilikayo ye-beta-carotene, ububanzi bokusebenza kwayo bulinganiselwe kakhulu.Ezinye izifundo zithuthukise ukuncibilika kwamanzi kwe-beta-carotene nge-saponification kanye ne-emulsification, kodwa le ndlela inesikhathi eside, inomthelela omkhulu ekuzinzeni kwe-beta-carotene, futhi inezindleko eziphezulu.Ukukhishwa kwe-beta-carotene yemvelo, izincibilikisi zemvelo ezindleleni eziningi ezisetshenziswayo njengamanje, kanye nenkinga eyinsalela yezincibilikisi ezinobuthi bekulokhu kuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo ekhishwayo, okubangele ukuphepha kokudla okwengeziwe kanye nezinkinga zokungcoliswa kwemvelo.Ukukhishwa kwe-beta-carotene encibilikayo emanzini kuye kwabikwa, kodwa ukuncibilika kwamanzi kwe-beta-carotene kubi, ngokuvamile ngosizo lwama-enzyme, ngakho-ke izindleko ziphezulu futhi isicelo simpofu.Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela evamile yokukhipha, indlela yokukhipha i-ultrasonic inezinzuzo zokulula, izinga eliphezulu lokukhipha kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokusebenza.Ngakho-ke, njengendlela entsha yokukhipha i-beta-carotene e-alcohol-encibilikayo, isizinda se-ultrasonic sinamathemba amahle okusebenza kulo mkhakha.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-beta-carotene

Njengohlobo lwe-pigment encibilikayo kawoyela edliwayo, i-beta-carotene yamukelwe ngemfudumalo yimboni yokudla ngoba umbala wayo ungamboza zonke izinhlelo zemibala kusukela kobomvu kuye kophuzi ngenxa yokuhlangana kwayo okuhlukile.Ifaneleka kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo yamafutha kanye nemikhiqizo yamaprotheni, njengemajarini, imikhiqizo ehlanjululwe ye-fish pulp, imikhiqizo yemifino, ama-noodle okudla okusheshayo nokunye.