Imikhiqizo

Imiphumela ye-Pharmacological ye-theanine

1. Imiphumela ohlelweni lwezinzwa olumaphakathi

Lapho kulinganiswa umphumela we-theanine kumetabolism ye-monoamines ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zobuchopho, u-Heng Yue et al.ithole ukuthi i-theanine ingakhuthaza kakhulu ukukhululwa kwe-dopamine ebuchosheni obumaphakathi futhi ithuthukise umsebenzi wokuphila we-dopamine ebuchosheni.I-Dopamine iyi-neurotransmitter emaphakathi eyenza amangqamuzana ezinzwa zobuchopho asebenze, futhi umsebenzi wayo wokuphila uhlobene eduze nesimo semizwa yomuntu.Nakuba indlela yokusebenza ye-theanine ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi lobuchopho ayicacile kahle.Kodwa umthelela we-theanine emoyeni nasemizweni ngokungangabazeki ngokwengxenye usuka kumthelela womsebenzi wokuphila we-neurotransmitter dopamine emaphakathi.Yiqiniso, umphumela wokulwa nokukhathala wokuphuza itiye nakho kukholakala ukuthi uvela kulo mphumela ngokwezinga elithile.

Kwezinye izivivinyo zabo, u-Yokogoshi et al.kuqinisekisile ukuthi ukuthatha i-theanine kuzothinta ngqo umsebenzi we-neurotransmitter emaphakathi serotonin ebuchosheni ehlobene nokufunda nenkumbulo.

2. Umphumela we-Antihypertensive

Ngokuvamile kukholakala ukuthi ukulawulwa komfutho wegazi womuntu kuthintwa ukukhishwa kwama-neurotransmitters aphakathi nendawo kanye ne-peripheral catecholamine ne-serotonin.Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-theanine inganciphisa ngempumelelo umfutho wegazi ophezulu ozenzakalelayo kumagundane.Kimura et al.wayekholelwa ukuthi umphumela we-antihypertensive we-theanine ungase uqhamuke ekulawuleni ukugcinwa kwe-serotonin ye-neurotransmitter emaphakathi ebuchosheni.

Umphumela we-hypotensive oboniswa yi-theanine ungabuye ubonakale njengomphumela wokuzinzisa ngokwezinga elithile.Futhi lo mphumela wokuzinzisa ngokungangabazeki uzosiza ukubuyisela ukukhathala ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.

3. Kuthinta inkumbulo

Chu et al.babike ukuthi bathole ku-Operanttest (ukuhlolwa kokufunda kwezilwane lapho ukudla kunikezwa khona kanye ne-switch switch) ucwaningo futhi bathola ukuthi amagundane anikezwa i-180 mg ye-theanine ngomlomo nsuku zonke ayenekhono lokufunda elingcono uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula.ukuthuthukiswa okuthile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ocwaningweni lwe-Avoidance test (ukuhlolwa kwenkumbulo yezilwane lapho izilwane zizothola ukushaqeka kukagesi egumbini elimnyama lapho zingena egumbini elimnyama nokudla okuvela egumbini elikhanyayo), kuyaqinisekiswa futhi ukuthi i-theanine ingathuthukisa ikhono lenkumbulo. yamagundane.Ucwaningo oluningi luye lwafakazela ukuthi umphumela we-theanine ekuthuthukiseni ukufunda nenkumbulo uwumphumela wokwenza kusebenze ama-neurotransmitters amaphakathi.

4. Khululeka ingqondo nomzimba wakho

Kusukela ngo-1975, uKimura et al.ibike ukuthi i-theanine ingadambisa i-hyperexcitability emaphakathi ebangelwa i-caffeine.Nakuba okuqukethwe kwe-caffeine emaqabunga etiye kungaphansi kwalokho kwekhofi nokhokho, ukuba khona kwe-theanine kwenza abantu bajabulele umuzwa oqabulayo lapho bephuza itiye ikhofi nokhokho abangenalo.

Njengoba sonke sazi, izinhlobo ezine zamaza obuchopho, u-α, β, σ kanye no-θ, ahlobene eduze nesimo somzimba nengqondo somuntu, angalinganiswa ebusweni bobuchopho bethu.Lapho uChu et al.babone umphumela we-theanine kumaza obuchopho be-15 yabesifazane abasebasha abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya ku-22, bathola ukuthi i-α-wave ibe nokuthambekela okuphawulekayo kokwanda ngemva kokuphathwa ngomlomo kwe-theanine imizuzu engu-40.Kodwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokuhlola, abazange bathole umphumela we-theanine ku-theta-wave yokubusa kokulala.Kusukela kule miphumela, bakholelwa ukuthi umphumela oqabulayo ongokomzimba nengqondo obangelwa ukuthatha i-theanine awukona ukwenza abantu bavame ukulala, kodwa ukuthuthukisa ukugxila.

5. Ukudla okunempilo

Iningi lemikhiqizo yokudla kwezempilo emakethe ngeyokuvikela noma ukuthuthukisa izifo zabantu abadala.Ukudla okunempilo okufana ne-theanine okungalalisi, kodwa futhi kuqeda ukukhathala, kwehlisa umfutho wegazi futhi kuthuthukisa ukufunda nekhono lokukhumbula kuyivelakancane futhi kudonsa amehlo.Ngalesi sizathu, u-theanine uwine umklomelo womnyango wocwaningo eNgqungqutheleni Yezinto Ezingavuthiwe Yomhlaba Wonke eyayiseJalimane ngo-1998.

I-Theanine i-amino acid enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu etiyeni, ibalwa ngaphezu kuka-50% wengqikithi yama-amino acid amahhala kanye no-1% -2% wesisindo esomile samaqabunga etiye.I-Theanine ingumzimba ofana nenaliti emhlophe, incibilika kalula emanzini.Inokunambitheka okumnandi nokuqabulayo futhi iyingxenye yokunambitheka kwetiye.Abantu baseJapan bavame ukusebenzisa i-shading ukukhulisa okuqukethwe kwe-theanine emaqabunga etiye ukuthuthukisa ubusha bamaqabunga etiye.

(1) Ukumuncwa kanye ne-metabolism.

Ngemuva kokuphathwa ngomlomo kwe-theanine emzimbeni womuntu, idonswa ngomngcele webhulashi lamathumbu, ingene egazini, futhi ihlakazeke ezicutshini nasezithweni ngokujikeleza kwegazi, futhi ingxenye ikhishwa emchameni ngemuva kokubola izinso.Ukugcwala kwe-theanine emuncwa egazini nasesibindini kwehle ngemuva kwehora elingu-1, kwathi i-theanine ebuchosheni yafinyelela phezulu kakhulu ngemva kwamahora ama-5.Ngemva kwamahora angu-24, i-theanine emzimbeni womuntu yanyamalala futhi yakhishwa ngendlela yomchamo.

(2) Lawula izinguquko zama-neurotransmitters ebuchosheni.

I-Theanine ithinta umzimba nokukhululwa kwama-neurotransmitters afana ne-dopamine ebuchosheni, futhi izifo zobuchopho ezilawulwa yilawa ma-neurotransmitters zingase zilawulwe noma zivinjelwe.

(3) Thuthukisa ikhono lokufunda nenkumbulo.

Ekuhlolweni kwezilwane, kuphinde kwatholakala ukuthi ikhono lokufunda nenkumbulo yamagundane athatha i-theanine kwakungcono kunalawo eqembu lokulawula.Ekuhlolweni kwezilwane, kwatholakala ukuthi ikhono lokufunda lahlolwa ngemva kokuthatha i-theanine izinyanga ezingu-3-4.Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ibonise ukuthi ukugxila kwe-dopamine kwamagundane athatha i-theanine kwakuphezulu.Kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlolwa kwekhono lokufunda.Enye iwukufaka amagundane ebhokisini.Kukhona ukukhanya ebhokisini.Uma ukukhanya kukhanyisiwe, cindezela iswishi futhi ukudla kuzophuma.Amagundane athatha i-theanine angakwazi ukwenza kahle izinto ezibalulekile ngesikhathi esifushane, futhi ikhono lokufunda liphakeme kunalelo lamagundane angathathi i-theanine.Okwesibili wukusebenzisa umkhuba wegundane lokucasha ebumnyameni.Lapho igundane ligijima ebumnyameni, lithuswa yi-electric shock.Amagundane athatha i-theanine avame ukuhlala endaweni ekhanyayo ukuze agweme ukushaqeka kukagesi, okubonisa ukuthi kuyingozi kakhulu endaweni emnyama.inkumbulo eqinile.Kungabonakala ukuthi i-theanine inomphumela wokuthuthukisa inkumbulo nekhono lokufunda lamagundane.

(4) umphumela wokulalisa.

I-caffeine iyisikhuthazi esaziwayo, nokho abantu bazizwa bekhululekile, bezolile, futhi bejabule lapho bephuza itiye.Kuqinisekisiwe ukuthi lokhu ngokuyinhloko umphumela we-theanine.Ukudla kanyekanye kwe-caffeine nama-amino acid kunomphumela omkhulu ovimbelayo enjabulweni.

(5) Thuthukisa isifo sokuya esikhathini.

Iningi labesifazane bane-menstrual syndrome.I-Menstrual syndrome iwuphawu lokungakhululeki ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-25-45 ezinsukwini ezingu-3-10 ngaphambi kokuya esikhathini.Ngokwengqondo, kubonakala ngokuyinhloko njengokucasuka kalula, ukucasuka, ukucindezeleka, ukungahlaliseki, ukungakwazi ukugxilisa ingqondo, njll. Ngokomzimba, kubonakala ikakhulukazi njengokukhathala okulula, ubunzima bokulala, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubuhlungu obuphansi besisu, iqolo, izandla ezibandayo kanye izinyawo, njll. Umphumela wokulalisa we-theanine usikhumbuza umphumela wawo othuthukisayo ku-menstrual syndrome, okuye kwaboniswa ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo kwabesifazane.

(6) Vikela amangqamuzana ezinzwa.

I-Theanine inganqanda ukufa kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa okubangelwa i-cerebral ischemia yesikhashana, futhi inomphumela ovikelayo kumaseli ezinzwa.Ukufa kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa kuhlobene eduze ne-excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate.Ukufa kwamaseli kwenzeka lapho kukhona i-glutamate eningi, okuvame ukuba yimbangela yezimo ezifana ne-Alzheimer's.I-Theanine ifana ngokwesakhiwo ne-glutamic acid futhi izoqhudelana ngeziza ezibophayo, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ukufa kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa.I-Theanine ingase isetshenziselwe ukwelapha nokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubangelwa i-glutamate, njenge-cerebral embolism, ukopha kobuchopho nezinye i-cerebral apoplexy, kanye nezifo ezinjengokuntula igazi kanye nokuwohloka komqondo okuba khona ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kobuchopho noma ukulimala kobuchopho.

(7) Umphumela wokwehlisa umfutho wegazi.

Ekuhlolweni kwezilwane, ukujova i-theanine kumagundane azenzakalelayo we-hypertensive, umfutho wegazi we-diastolic, umfutho wegazi we-systolic kanye nomfutho wegazi ojwayelekile wehla, futhi izinga lokunciphisa lalihlobene nomthamo, kodwa kwakungekho ushintsho olukhulu ekushayeni kwenhliziyo;i-theanine yayisebenza kahle kumagundane omfutho wegazi ojwayelekile.Kwakungekho mphumela wokwehlisa umfutho wegazi, okubonisa ukuthi i-theanine yayinomphumela wokwehlisa umfutho wegazi kuphela kumagundane ane-hypertensive.I-Theanine ingase yehlise umfutho wegazi ngokulawula ukugcwala kwama-neurotransmitters ebuchosheni.

(8) Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa ezilwa nomdlavuza.

Izifo zomdlavuza nokufa kwabantu kusekuphezulu, futhi izidakamizwa ezakhelwe ukwelapha umdlavuza zivame ukuba nemiphumela engemihle enamandla.Ekwelashweni komdlavuza, ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezilwa nomdlavuza, izinhlobonhlobo zezidakamizwa ezicindezela imiphumela yazo emibi kufanele zisetshenziswe ngasikhathi sinye.I-Theanine ngokwayo ayinawo umsebenzi wokulwa ne-tumor, kodwa ingathuthukisa umsebenzi wezidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene ze-anti-tumor.Uma i-theanine kanye nemithi elwa nesimila kusetshenziswa ndawonye, ​​i-theanine ingavimbela izidakamizwa ezilwa nesimila ukuthi zingaphumi kumaseli wesimila futhi ithuthukise umphumela wokulwa nomdlavuza wemithi elwa nesimila.I-Theanine nayo inganciphisa imiphumela emibi yezidakamizwa ze-antineoplastic, njengokulawula izinga le-lipid peroxidation, ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi njengokunciphisa amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kanye namangqamuzana omnkantsha abangelwa izidakamizwa ze-antineoplastic.I-Theanine iphinde ibe nomthelela wokuvimbela ukungena kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza, okuyindlela edingekayo ukuze amangqamuzana omdlavuza asabalale.Ukuvimbela ukungena kwawo kunqanda umdlavuza ukuthi ungasakazeki.

(9) Umphumela wokulahlekelwa isisindo

Njengoba sonke sazi, ukuphuza itiye kunomphumela wokulahlekelwa isisindo.Ukuphuza itiye isikhathi eside kwenza abantu bazacile futhi kususa amafutha abantu.Umphumela wokulahlekelwa isisindo wetiye uwumphumela wesenzo esihlangene sezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zetiye, kuhlanganise ne-theanine, empeleni ephumelelayo ekwehliseni i-cholesterol emzimbeni.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-theanine nayo itholakale inokuvikela isibindi kanye nemiphumela ye-antioxidant.Ukuphepha kwe-theanine kufakazelwe futhi.

(10) Umphumela wokuqeda ukukhathala

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi i-theanine inemiphumela elwa nokukhathala.Ukuphathwa ngomlomo kwemithamo ehlukene ye-theanine kumagundane izinsuku ezingu-30 kungandisa kakhulu isikhathi sokubhukuda esinesisindo samagundane, kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwesibindi se-glycogen, futhi kunciphise izinga le-serum urea nitrogen ebangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba;kunomthelela omkhulu ekwandeni kwe-lactate yegazi kumagundane ngemva kokuzivocavoca.Kungakhuthaza ukuqedwa kwe-lactate yegazi ngemva kokuzivocavoca.Ngakho-ke, i-theanine inomphumela wokulwa nokukhathala.Indlela yokusebenza ingase ihlotshaniswe nokuthi i-theanine ingavimbela ukukhishwa kwe-serotonin futhi ikhuthaze ukukhishwa kwe-catecholamine (i-5-hydroxytryptamine inomphumela ovimbelayo ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi, kuyilapho i-catecholamine inomphumela we-excitatory).

(11) Thuthukisa ukungatheleleki kwabantu

Ukuhlola okusanda kuphothulwa yiNyuvesi yaseHarvard e-United States kubonise ukuthi itiye eliluhlaza, itiye le-oolong nemikhiqizo yetiye iqukethe inqwaba yamaqoqo e-amino, engathuthukisa ikhono lokusebenza lamangqamuzana okuzivikela omzimba womuntu futhi athuthukise ikhono lomzimba womuntu lokumelana nezifo ezithathelwanayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-theanine emkhakheni wokudla

Kusukela ngo-1985, i-US Food and Drug Administration yabona i-theanine futhi yaqinisekisa ukuthi i-theanine yokwenziwa ngokuvamile ibonwa njengento ephephile (GRAS), futhi akukho mingcele enanini lokusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.

(1) Izithasiselo zokudla ezisebenzayo: I-Theanine inemisebenzi yokuthuthukisa ukushuba kwamaza e-alpha ebuchosheni, okwenza abantu bazizwe bekhululekile futhi bethuthukisa inkumbulo, futhi isidlulile uvivinyo lwabantu.Ngakho-ke, ingangezwa ekudleni njengesithako esisebenzayo ukuthuthukisa ukudla okusebenzayo okunciphisa ukungezwani kwezinzwa futhi kuthuthukise ukuhlakanipha.Ucwaningo luye lwaqinisekisa ukuthi i-theanine ingafakwa kuswidi, iziphuzo ezihlukahlukene, njll. ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle wokulalisa.Njengamanje iJapan yenza umsebenzi wocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kule ndawo.

(2) Isithuthukisi sekhwalithi yeziphuzo zetiye

I-Theanine iyingxenye eyinhloko yokunambitheka okusha nokuqabulayo kwetiye, okungavimba ukubaba kwe-caffeine nokubaba kwetiye polyphenols.Njengamanje, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, ukunambitheka okusha nokuqabulayo kweziphuzo zetiye ezweni lami kubi.Ngakho-ke, eziphuzweni zetiye Ukwengeza inani elithile le-theanine phakathi nenqubo yokukhula kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi nokunambitheka kweziphuzo zetiye.Isiphuzo "setiye elingahluziwe" esisanda kwakhiwa yiNkampani yaseJapan yaseKirin sengezwe ne-theanine, futhi impumelelo yaso enkulu emakethe yesiphuzo saseJapane iyisibonelo esijwayelekile.

(3) Umphumela wokuthuthukisa ukunambitheka

I-Theanine ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa kuphela njengesiguquli se-flavour yetiye eliluhlaza, kodwa futhi ingavimbela ukubaba kanye ne-astringency kokunye ukudla, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunambitheka kokudla.Iziphuzo ze-cocoa netiye lebhali zinokunambitheka okubabayo noma okubabayo okuyingqayizivele, futhi i-sweetener eyengeziwe inokunambitheka okungajabulisi.Uma u-0.01% we-theanine esetshenziswa esikhundleni se-sweetener, imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukunambitheka kwesiphuzo esifakwe nge-theanine kungathuthukiswa kakhulu.ukuze kuthuthukiswe.

(3) Izicelo kweminye imikhakha

I-Theanine ingasetshenziswa njengesihlanzi samanzi ukuhlanza amanzi okuphuza;ukusetshenziswa kwe-theanine njengesithako esisebenzayo kusiqedaphunga kuye kwabikwa kumalungelo obunikazi aseJapane.Enye i-patent ibika ukuthi into equkethe ingxenye ye-theanine inganqanda ukuncika emoyeni.I-Theanine isetshenziswa njenge-moisturizer ezimonyoni nanjengokudla okuthambisa isikhumba.