Imikhiqizo

I-Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (CF3SO3H), ngokuvamile eyaziwa ngokuthi i-triflic acid, iyi-asidi esebenza kakhulu futhi eqinile ethola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ezinqubweni zamakhemikhali nezimboni ezihlukahlukene.Isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-catalyst, i-solvent, kanye ne-reagent ngenxa ye-asidi yayo engavamile kanye nezakhiwo eziyingqayizivele.Okunye okuyinhloko kwe-trifluoromethanesulfonic acid kunjenge-catalyst ye-superacid.Ibhekwa njengenye ye-Brønsted acid enamandla kunazo zonke eyaziwayo, idlula i-sulfuric, i-hydrochloric, ngisho ne-fluorosulfuric acid ngokwe-acidity.Le acidity emangalisayo ivumela i-triflic acid ukuthi idale ukusabela okuhlukahlukene okudinga izimo ze-asidi ezinamandla, okuhlanganisa i-esterification, i-acylation, i-alkylations, nokuhlelwa kabusha.Ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukusabela okubandakanya ama-carbocations, njengoba iqinisa futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo kabusha.I-Triflic acid iphinde isetshenziswe njengesinyibilikisi sokusabela okuthile, ikakhulukazi lezo ezidinga izindawo ezine-asidi ephezulu.Ingancibilikisa inhlanganisela ebanzi yezinto eziphilayo kanye ne-inorganic, iyenze ibe wusizo ekuphenduleni okubandakanya i-polar ne-nonpolar solutes.Ukwengeza, imvelo yayo eqinile ye-asidi ingathuthukisa ukuncibilika kanye nokusiza ekuphenduleni kinetics.Okunye ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwe-trifluoromethanesulfonic acid kusekukhiqizweni kwama-triflates.I-Triflic acid ingasabela nge-alcohols, ama-amines, namanye ama-nucleophile ukuze akhe ama-triflates ahambisanayo (CF3SO3-), okungamaqembu azinzile futhi asebenza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.Ama-Triflates angasebenza njengamaqembu amahle okushiya noma enze ama-nucleophiles asebenze, okuvumela ukusabela okuhlukahlukene okulandelayo okufana nokushintshwa kwe-nucleophilic, ukuhlela kabusha, nokwakheka kwebhondi ye-carbon-carbon.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-triflic acid inezinhlelo zokusebenza ekuhlanganiseni kwemithi, amakhemikhali e-agrochemicals, namakhemikhali akhethekile.Ukusebenza kwayo okuyingqayizivele kanye ne-asidi kuyenza i-reagent ebalulekile ekwakheni ama-molecule ezinto eziphilayo.Ukwengeza, ingabonisa ukusebenza kabusha okukhethiwe, okuyenza ikwazi ukukhomba amaqembu athile asebenzayo noma izikhundla ku-molecule, yenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa kwama-isomer noma ama-enantiomers athile.Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-trifluoromethanesulfonic acid kufanele iphathwe ngokucophelela okukhulu ngenxa yesimo sayo esibi kakhulu. .Izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele, ezihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokuzivikela nokusebenza ngaphansi komoya ofanele, kufanele zilandelwe ukuze kuncishiswe izingozi.Ngokufingqa, i-trifluoromethanesulfonic acid iyi-asidi enamandla enezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ezinkambisweni zamakhemikhali nasezimbonini.I-asidi yayo eqinile iyenza ikwazi ukugqugquzela ukusabela okuhlukahlukene, isebenze njengesincibilikisi, futhi ibambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwamaqembu asebenzayo azinzile.Ukuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokusebenza kabusha kuyenza ibe yinto esetshenziswayo ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni ama-molecule ezinto eziphilayo.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe lapho kusingathwa i-triflic acid, kulandelwa imigomo efanele yokuphepha ukuze kuqinisekiswe inhlalakahle kasokhemisi futhi kuvinjwe izingozi.