Imikhiqizo

I-Trimethoprim iyi-ejenti ye-bacteriostatic ye-lipophilic ne-alkaline ebuthakathaka yekilasi le-pyrimethamine.Kuyimpushana ecwebezelayo emhlophe noma ecishe ibe mhlophe, ayinaphunga, iyababa, futhi inyibilika kancane ku-chloroform, ethanol noma ne-acetone, kodwa cishe ayincibiliki emanzini futhi inyibilika kakhulu kusixazululo se-glacial acetic acid.Ine-spectrum ye-antibacterial efana nemithi ye-sulfa, kodwa enomphumela oqinile we-antibacterial.Kunomphumela omuhle ekwelapheni i-Escherichia coli, i-Proteus mirabilis, i-Klebsiella pneumoniae, i-Staphylococcus saprophyticus, kanye nenhlobonhlobo yamanye amagciwane anegram-positive kanye nama-negative.Kodwa ayisebenzi ngokumelene ne-Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.Ubuncane bokugxila ekuvimbeleni kuvame ukuba ngaphansi kuka-10 mg/L lapho ukusebenzisa kukodwa kulula ukubangela ukumelana nebhaktheriya, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile ayisetshenziswa yodwa, futhi ikakhulukazi ihlanganiswe ne-sulfa drug ukwakha ukulungiswa okuhlanganisiwe kokwelashwa kwezifo ze-urinary tract, emathunjini. izifo ezithathelwanayo, izifo zokuphefumula, uhudo, i-enteritis, i-typhoid fever, i-meningitis, i-otitis media, i-meningitis, i-sepsis kanye nezifo ezithambile zezicubu.Inomthelela ekwelapheni i-typhoid kanye nomphumela we-paratyphoid ongekho ngaphansi kwe-ampicillin;Ingase futhi ihlanganiswe nemithi ye-sulfa esebenza isikhathi eside yokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-falciparum malaria engazweli emthini.

Umgomo oyisisekelo we-anti-bacterial ye-trimethoprim ukuphazamisa i-folate metabolism kuma-bacteria.Indlela eyinhloko yesenzo ukuvimbela okukhethiwe komsebenzi we-dihydrofolate reductase kubhaktheriya ukuze i-dihydrofolate ingancishiswa ibe yi-tetrahydrofolate.Njengoba ukuhlanganiswa kwe-folic acid kuyingxenye eyinhloko ye-nucleic acid biosynthesis, ngakho-ke umkhiqizo uvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni nama-nucleic acid.Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibopho esibophezelayo se-trimethoprim (TMP) ku-bacterium dihydrofolate reductase enzyme siqine ngokuphindwe kahlanu kunaleyo ku-dihydrofolate reductase encelisayo.Ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwayo nezidakamizwa ze-sulfa kungabangela ukuvinjelwa okubili ku-folic acid biosynthesis metabolism yamagciwane ukuze kube nomphumela we-synergistic ozothuthukisa umsebenzi we-antibacterial wezidakamizwa ze-sulfa, futhi ungashintsha umphumela we-antibacterial umphumela we-bactericidal onciphisa ukumelana nemithi. izinhlungu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, umkhiqizo ungase futhi uthuthukise imiphumela elwa namagciwane yezinhlobonhlobo zamanye ama-antibiotic (njenge-tetracycline, i-gentamicin).